DEFINITION OF FIGURES OF SPEECH
A figure of speech or rhetorical figure is figurative language in the form of a single word or phrase. It can be a special repetition, arrangement or omission of words with literal meaning, or a phrase with a specialized meaning not based on the literal meaning of the words. Figures of speech often provide emphasis, freshness of expression, or clarity. However, clarity may also suffer from their use, as figures of speech can introduce an ambiguity between literal and figurative interpretation.
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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES FIGURES OF SPEECH? TROPES: Words, phrases, or images that are used in a way that is not intended by its original, or official, definition. SCHEMES: The way a collection of words or phrases is organized in order to create rhetorical effect (meaning, to enhance understanding or affect emotion or to give emphasis). TROPES Reference 1. Metaphor: Reference of one thing to imply another 2. Simile: Explicit comparison of two unlike things 3. Synecdoche: A part is used for a whole or a whole is used for a part 4. Metonymy: Naming an object or concept to refer to another, related object or concept 5. Personification: Referencing inanimate objects with human-like qualities or abilities Wordplay & Puns 6. Antanaclasis: Repetition of a word with two different definitions 7. Paronomasia: Use of words similar in sound but different in meaning (punning) 8. Syllepsis: Use of the same word differently to modify two or more objects 9. Onomatopoeia: Forming a word to imitate a sound Substitutions 10. Anthimeria: Substitution of one part of speech for another 11. Periphrasis: Circumlocution; use of a descriptive phrase or proper noun to stand for qualities of the phrase or noun Overstatement/Understatement 12. Hyperbole: Exaggeration for effect 13. Auxesis: Use of a term to describe something disproportionately less significant than the term implies 14. Litotes: Deliberate understatement 15. Meiosis: Use of a term to describe something disproportionately greater than the term implies Inversions 16. Rhetorical Question: Asking a question for a purpose other than to get an answer I7. Irony: Use of terms to convey a meaning opposite of the terms’ literal meaning 18. Oxymoron: Placing two opposing terms side by side 19. Paradox: Contradictory phrase that contains some measure of truth SCHEMES Balance 20. Parallelism: Similarity in structure between words and phrases 21. Antithesis: Juxtaposing two contradictory ideas 22. Climax: Ordering words and phrases in order of increasing importance Word Order 23. Anastrophe: Inversion of natural speaking word order 24. Parenthesis: Insertion of terms or phrases that interrupt the natural syntactical flow 25. Apposition: Addition of words to clarify or elaborate what came before Omission/Inclusion 26. Ellipsis: Omission of words implied by context 27. Asyndeton: Omission of conjunctions between lauses 28. Brachylogia: Omission of conjunctions between a series of words 29. Polysyndeton: An overabundance of conjunctions Repetition 30. Alliteration: Repetition of consonants in two or more words 31. Assonance: Repetition of similar vowel sounds 32. Polyptoton: Repetition of words derived from the same root 33. Antanaclasis: Repetition of a word used with more than one meaning 34. Anaphora: Repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses 35. Epistrophe: Repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses 36. Epanalepsis: Repetition of a word at the end of a clause that was used at the beginning of th clause 37. Anadiplosis: Repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause 38. Climax: Repetition of anadiplosis at least three times, arranged so as to increase in importance each time 39. Antimetabole: Repetition of words in successive clauses, but in reverse grammatical order 40. Chiasmus: Repetition of grammatical structures in reverse order in successive phrases or clauses Among many other purposes, figures of speech enable us to look at some object, feeling, or event in a new way or to express feelings we cannot easily put into words.Of course, figures of speech occur in everyday language—some enter into common parlance and become cliches—but language belongs to us all and people invent new figures of speech all the time or find new ways to dress up the cliches. Figures of speech are fun. TO FURTHER MORE ILLUSTRATE WATCH THIS CLIP🙆🙆 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3P_XeyPh2XY REFERENCES: http://thevisualcommunicationguy.com/rhetoric-overview/figures-of-speech-official-list/ https://www.quora.com/Why-is-figure-of-speech-important https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3P_XeyPh2XY 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure_of_speech IMAGE SOURCE:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMhEqQgTQ8I
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